Essentially, this type of movie—which rose to prominence in the '70s and '80s, with films like Sholay—combines a range of genres into one film. [citation needed], Pressured by rushed production schedules and small budgets, some Bollywood writers and musicians have been known to plagiarise. DESIblitz traces the impact of the Hindi movie industry on Indian culture, society and economy. The question is: Where to start? [146], The Kronos Quartet re-recorded several R. D. Burman compositions sung by Asha Bhosle for their 2005 album, You've Stolen My Heart: Songs from R.D. [citation needed] Organisations such as the India EU Film Initiative seek to foster a community between filmmakers and industry professionals in India and the European Union. ", "The Best Films Of Rishi Kapoor - Bobby Has Historic Numbers", "Breaking Day One Records - Hrithik Roshan Fifth Time With War", "Amitabh Bachchan: Meet the biggest movie star in the world", "Why Amitabh Bachchan is more than a superstar", "Bachchan Receives Lifetime Achievement Award at DIFF", An Insightful Reading of Our Many Indian Identities, "Amitabh Bachchan Hindi film industry's most expensive star, Hema Malini tops among women", "Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average)", "Why 'Dangal' Star Aamir Khan Is The New King of Bollywood", "Are Bollywood's Three Khans The Last of the Movie Kings? [261], Bollywood films are not influential in most of South America, although its culture and dance is recognised. [34] The first Indian sound film, Ardeshir Irani's Alam Ara (1931), was commercially successful. Also, currently comedies and thrillers are more popular than romances, per Live Mint. These were ground-breaking and issue-based movies that rebelled against the mainstream mold. [185], The Filmfare Awards are some of the most prominent awards given to Hindi films in India. So it's almost the same. Rajadhyaksa, Ashish (1996), "India: Filming the Nation", This page was last edited on 21 March 2021, at 01:41. [285] Vikram Bhatt, director of Raaz (a remake of What Lies Beneath) and Kasoor (a remake of Jagged Edge), has spoken about the influence of American culture and Bollywood's desire to produce box-office hits based along the same lines: "Financially, I would be more secure knowing that a particular piece of work has already done well at the box office. [196] More easing followed in 2009 and 2010. The actors Shah Rukh Khan, Salman Khan and Aamir Khan—also known as the Khans of Bollywood—are mega-stars coincidentally, all born in the year 1965. [69] They began the genre of gritty, violent, Bombay underworld crime films early in the decade with films such as Zanjeer (1973) and Deewaar (1975). Box office revenue in India was estimated to have reached an all-time-high of $1.4 billion in 2018, with Hollywood movies only accounting for 10% of ticket sales in India in 2018 (though that figure has only grown, due to the unprecedented success of Avengers: Endgame). "The celebrated song and dance sequences of Bollywood show no influence of the Hollywood musical," Sabrina Ciolfi writes in the academic paper, Popular Hindi Cinema: Narrative Structures and Points of Continuity With the Tradition. [140][141] "Angry young man" 1970s epics such as Deewaar and Amar Akbar Anthony (1977) also resemble the heroic-bloodshed genre of 1980s Hong Kong action cinema. Bollywood, Hindi-language sector of the Indian moviemaking industry that began in Bombay (now Mumbai) in the 1930s and developed into an enormous film empire. [283], Before the 1990s, plagiarism occurred with impunity. Simmba, out in 2018, is a recent example of a masala movie. [159] Characters may shift from one language to the other to evoke a particular atmosphere (for example, English in a business setting and Hindi in an informal one). [250][251], The upcoming movie Squad, is the first Indian film to be shot in Belarus. The actor, Hrithik Roshan, has performed amazingly. [15][120][121] Most of the screenwriters and scriptwriters of classic Hindi cinema came from Urdu literary backgrounds,[15][120] from Khwaja Ahmad Abbas and Akhtar ul Iman to Salim–Javed and Rahi Masoom Raza; a handful came from other Indian literary traditions, such as Bengali and Hindi literature. For Anu Chugh, a Maryland-born law student who grew up watching Bollywood films, the mix of genres is the defining feature that separates Bollywood and Hollywood. The name "Bollywood" was coined during the 1970s,[25][26] when the conventions of commercial Bollywood films were defined. However, there are Bollywood movies made in all genres. In recent years, Gupta has noted a shift in Bollywood films toward realism, and breaking from formulas. [149] Songs, dances, love triangles, comedy and dare-devil thrills are combined in a three-hour show (with an intermission). Many Asian Underground artists, particularly those among the overseas Indian diaspora, have also been inspired by Bollywood music. [203], India has cultural ties with Indonesia, and Bollywood films were introduced to the country at the end of World War II in 1945. Film in review; 'Mother India, "Readers Choice: The Greatest Actresses of all time", "Do Bigha Zamin: Seeds of the Indian New Wave", "India and Cannes: A Reluctant Courtship", "2002 Sight & Sound Top Films Survey of 253 International Critics & Film Directors", "Revisiting Prakash Mehra's Zanjeer: The film that made Amitabh Bachchan", "Salim-Javed: Writing Duo that Revolutionized Indian Cinema", "Deewaar was the perfect script: Amitabh Bachchan on 42 years of the cult film", "Slumdog Millionaire's Bollywood Ancestors", "Decoding Dharmendra: 6 Blockbusters, 7 Super Hits & 36 Hits Defines The He-Man Of Bollywood! [293], This article is about the Hindi film industry. But according to Gupta, many—though not all—Bollywood movies made later in the 20th century were marked by a similar formulaic quality. Product placement, used in Hollywood, is also common in Bollywood.[184]. Definition of Bollywood in the Definitions.net dictionary. [94] The most internationally acclaimed Hindi film of the 1980s was Mira Nair's Salaam Bombay! Among new conventions, female-centred films such as The Dirty Picture (2011), Kahaani (2012), and Queen (2014), Parched (2015), Pink (2016) started gaining wide financial success. "Music tells you a story. No sacrificial best friend," Gupta says, describing the genre. [41][42][43] These events further consolidated the Mumbai film industry's position as the preeminent center for film production in India. [191] [201][202], Bollywood films are popular in Southeast Asia, particularly in maritime Southeast Asia. Most stars from the 2000s continued successful careers into the next decade, and the 2010s saw a new generation of popular actors in different films. In South Africa, film imports from India were watched by black and Indian audiences. Although screenwriters generally produce original scripts, many are rejected due to uncertainty about whether a film will be successful. Take the classic 1974 Hindi-language movie Ankur, which depicts the intersection of class and caste in rural India by following a landlord son's relationship with a servant. Bollywood film music is called filmi (from the Hindi "of films"). Bollywood traces its start to 1911 when the first silent Indian feature film was released by D.P. Daily Top Bollywood News, Celebrity Gossip, Latest Bollywood Videos, Pictures & Songs, Hindi Movie Trailers, Reviews and Actor Interviews by MissMalini. [67], By 1970, Hindi cinema was thematically stagnant[69] and dominated by musical romance films. [132], Bollywood has experienced revenue growth in Canada and the United States, particularly in the South Asian communities of large cities such as Toronto, Chicago, and New York City. Oprah Magazine participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites. [8][9][10] In 2001 ticket sales, Indian cinema (including Bollywood) reportedly sold an estimated 3.6 billion tickets worldwide, compared to Hollywood's 2.6 billion tickets sold. Exceptions to the ban were made for a few films, such as the colorized re-release of Mughal-e-Azam and Taj Mahal in 2006. In recent years, Bollywood has grown to epic proportions, capitalizing on seeds planted more than a century ago, when the first silent Bollywood film was released in 1913, and the first talkie in 1931. Kishore Kumar and Amitabh Bachchan have been popular in Egypt and Somalia. [47], After the social-realist film Neecha Nagar received the Palme d'Or at the inaugural 1946 Cannes Film Festival,[60] Hindi films were frequently in competition for Cannes' top prize during the 1950s and early 1960s and some won major prizes at the festival. "[292], Bollywood soundtracks also plagiarised Guinean singer Mory Kanté, particularly his 1987 album Akwaba Beach. The films from India, which were also recovering from the disaster of partition and the struggle for freedom from colonial rule, were found to be a good source of providing hope with entertainment to the struggling masses. It was usually created (or re-created) in the studio,[160] with the actors speaking their lines in the studio and sound effects added later; this created synchronisation problems. To this day, Bollywood makes more romance movies than Hollywood, according to Live Mint. Why is it called Bollywood? Cinematic language (in dialogues or lyrics) is often melodramatic, invoking God, family, mother, duty, and self-sacrifice. Bollywood has progressed in Israel since the early 2000s, with channels dedicated to Indian films on cable television;[254] MBC Bollywood and Zee Aflam show Hindi movies and serials. [15] Urdu poetry and the ghazal tradition strongly influenced filmi (Bollywood lyrics). The Indian government has sponsored the awards, given by its Directorate of Film Festivals (DFF), since 1973. The decade of the 1940s saw an expansion of the Bollywood's commercial market and its presence in the national consciousness. [58][95] Action and comedy films, starring such actors as Akshay Kumar and Govinda.[104][105]. Indian audiences expect value for money, and a good film is generally referred to as paisa vasool, (literally "money's worth"). Bollywood is the Hindi-language sector of the Indian film industry. [264] In January 2012, it was announced that UTV Motion Pictures would begin releasing films in Peru with Guzaarish. Akshay Kumar is another powerful actor with his own production house. There are increasing returns from theatres in Western countries like the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States, where Bollywood is slowly being noticed. Bollywood is just a fraction of Indian cinema, which also incorporates Assamese cinema, Telugu cinema, Marathi cinema, Gujarati cinema, etc. "The hero had to be a really good guy—he couldn't do anything dubious or dodgy. Bollywood movies are mostly musicals and contain very catchy music in the form of song and dance numbers typically seen in Broadway musicals. Movie Reviews. ")[199] Bollywood films in Nepal earn more than Nepali films, and Salman Khan, Akshay Kumar and Shah Rukh Khan are popular in the country. [77] After the success of Bruce Lee films (such as Enter the Dragon) in India,[124] Deewaar (1975) and other Bollywood films incorporated fight scenes inspired by 1970s martial arts films from Hong Kong cinema until the 1990s. People were throwing their hands around. So they make their own movies," Gupta says, adding that some women actresses are moving into producing, like Anushka Sharma. Indian movies have influenced Hausa clothing, songs have been covered by Hausa singers, and stories have influenced Nigerian novelists. In 1955, the Bollywood Cine Costume Make-Up Artist & Hair Dressers' Association (CCMAA) ruled that female makeup artists were barred from membership. Bollywood has become part of the Indian's story by influencing the music film. Indian films were more popular in the Soviet Union than Hollywood films[237][238] and, sometimes, domestic Soviet films. [187], The National Film Awards were also introduced in 1954. Parallel cinema is a film movement that began among Bengali filmmakers, and ran counter to mainstream Bollywood movies in the '60s and '70s. Satellite TV, television and imported foreign films are making inroads into the domestic Indian entertainment market. Devdas, an acclaimed high-budget movie released in 2002 and starring Aishwarya Rai and Shah Rukh Khan, was the third Hindi-language iteration of the movie. [132] According to author Roopa Swaminathan, "Bollywood cinema is one of the strongest global cultural ambassadors of a new India. According to economist and Bollywood biographer Meghnad Desai, "Cinema actually has been the most vibrant medium for telling India its own story, the story of its struggle for independence, its constant struggle to achieve national integration and to emerge as a global presence". Speaking to OprahMag.com, film critic Shubhra Gupta says that when she started reviewing Bollywood movies for The Indian Express 25 years ago, some of her peers would pity her. [210] Hindi films declined significantly in popularity in China during the 1980s. [232] Hindi films shot in Australia usually incorporate Australian culture. [47][90] Although the art film bent of the Film Finance Corporation was criticised during a 1976 Committee on Public Undertakings investigation which accused the corporation of not doing enough to encourage commercial cinema, the decade saw the rise of commercial cinema with films such as Sholay (1975) which consolidated Amitabh Bachchan's position as a star. For context, these are a few of many Hollywood-inspired nicknames around the world—Nollywood refers to Nigeria's film industry; Trollywood is Sweden's; and Y'allywood is Atlanta's growing production hub. [74][75] Their "angry young man", personified by Amitabh Bachchan,[75] reinterpreted Dilip Kumar's performance in Gunga Jumna in a contemporary urban context[69][72] and anguished urban poor. The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) estimates that the Bollywood industry loses $100 million annually from unlicensed home videos and DVDs. New to the genre? Bollywood, a portmanteau of "Hollywood" and "Bombay" (the former name of Mumbai), refers to the Hindi-language sector of India's movie-making industry, still based in Mumbai. [127], Scholar Brigitte Schulze has written that Indian films, most notably Mehboob Khan's Mother India (1957), played a key role in shaping the Republic of India's national identity in the early years after independence from the British Raj; the film conveyed a sense of Indian nationalism to urban and rural citizens alike. Bollywood dance is the dance performed in Bollywood movies. [96][97] It brought back the template for Bollywood musical romance films which went on to define 1990s Hindi cinema. It was subtitled in 17 languages and released in 28 countries,[267] including the United Kingdom,[273] the United States, and France. The most popular commercial genre in Bollywood since the 1970s has been the masala film, which freely mixes different genres including action, comedy, romance, drama and melodrama along with musical numbers. Popular actors include Shah Rukh Khan, Ajay Devgan, Sunny Deol, Aishwarya Rai, Preity Zinta, and Madhuri Dixit. One of India's leading film critics shares what films to start with. Information and translations of Bollywood in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. [183] Bollywood is also used to advertise other products. [178] Most of the large, ubiquitous billboards in India's major cities are now created with computer-printed vinyl. Many Bollywood films have been commercially successful in the United Kingdom. Saroj Khan, one of Bollywood's leading choreographers, passed away in July of 2020. Both genres (masala and violent-crime films) are represented by the blockbuster Sholay (1975), written by Salim-Javed and starring Amitabh Bachchan. In 1987, however, they were restricted to a handful of films by the Egyptian government. Just as the romantic heroes came together at the end, side characters reached similar fates across movies, too, with outsized villains and "bad girls" meeting their fates. [108] Some popular films of the decade were Kaho Naa... Pyaar Hai (2000), Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham... (2001), Gadar: Ek Prem Katha (2001), Lagaan (2001), Koi... Mil Gaya (2003), Kal Ho Naa Ho (2003), Veer-Zaara (2004), Rang De Basanti (2006), Lage Raho Munna Bhai (2006), Dhoom 2 (2006), Krrish (2006), and Jab We Met (2007), among others, showing the rise of new movie stars. The Bollywood sports film Lagaan (2001) was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, and two other Bollywood films (2002's Devdas and 2006's Rang De Basanti) were nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language. Baz Luhrmann said that his musical film, Moulin Rouge! Composers of film music, known as music directors, are also well-known. [87] Masala films made Amitabh Bachchan the biggest Bollywood star of the period. Bollywood is actually Hindi cinema. Phalke. The epic tale has been rendered into other languages, too. Their critical acclaim and the latter's commercial success paved the way for Indian neorealism[61] and the Indian New Wave (synonymous with parallel cinema). Bollywood based in Mumbai (Bombay), is India’s – and the world’s - largest film industry in terms of the number of films produced, and also the number of tickets sold each year. The pirate market introduced the film to Chinese audiences, however, and it became a cult hit. Songs can make and break a film, determining whether it will be a flop or a hit: "Few films without successful musical tracks, and even fewer without any songs and dances, succeed".
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